Heritage

Despite its unrivalled properties, gold is an inert material. It does nothing until man discovers it, mines and refines it and bends it to his will. So the history of gold is very much the history of civilisation. Here are some points in time where that history was made.

Click on the images to enlarge

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  c. 3600 BC

  First smelting of gold

  Egyptian goldsmiths carry out the first melting or
   fusing of ores in order to separate the metals inside.
  They use blowpipes made from fire-resistant clay
  to heat the smelting furnace.

Story of Gold

The story of gold is as rich and complex as the metal itself.

Wars have been fought for it; love has been declared with it. Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs portray gold

as the brilliance of the sun; modern astronomers use mirrors coated with gold to capture images 

of the heavens.

By 325 BC the Greeks had mined for gold from Gibraltar to Asia Minor. In 1848 AD James Marshall

 found flakes of gold whilst building a sawmill near Sacramento and so triggered the gold rush 

in California.

Held securely in national vaults as a reserve asset, gold has an irrefutable logic; released from the

tombs of pharaohs and emperors alike, gold has an undeniable magic.

In Heritage we describe just some of the key moments from gold’s history. Further sections take time to

 discuss important fundamental issues such as the relationship of demand and supply, 

gold’s price history; the golden constant and gold’scontribution to society.

Numbers and facts draws together some of the more extraordinary statistics which gold 

has accumulated across the centuries and around the world.

GOLD

Gold ( /ˈɡoʊld/) is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from Latin: aurum "gold") and an atomic number of 79. Gold is a dense, soft, shiny, malleable and ductile metal. Pure gold has a bright yellow color and luster traditionally considered attractive, which it maintains without oxidizing in air or water. Chemically, gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element. It is one of the least reactive solid chemical elements. The metal therefore occurs often in free elemental (native) form, as nuggets or grains in rocks, in veins and in alluvial deposits. Less commonly, it occurs in minerals as gold compounds, usually with tellurium.

Gold resists attacks by individual acids, but it can be dissolved by the aqua regia (nitro-hydrochloric acid), so named because it dissolves gold. Gold also dissolves in alkaline solutions of cyanide, which have been used in mining. Gold dissolves in mercury, forming amalgam alloys. Gold is insoluble in nitric acid, which dissolves silver and base metals, a property that has long been used to confirm the presence of gold in items, giving rise to the term the acid test. 

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